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Amsterdam History -
Amsterdam Escape >> Amsterdam >> History
Amsterdam History
C. 1270 Amsterdam officially founded on what is now know as the Amstel river.
1275 Amsterdam is granted toll free use of the Dutch waterways to enable for it to concentrate on trade.
1287 The first water defenses are built which are made of huge sand dunes and which enables the creation of Zuiderzee and giving Amsterdam it's first direct access to the ocean.
1300 Amsterdam is officially recognized as a city
1317 Amsterdam officially becomes part of the Netherlands / Holland
1323 The city obtains sole exclusive rights for the importing of German beer.
1368 Amsterdam joins the Hanseatic League
1400's Amsterdam is ruled by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy AKA Philip the Good or
Philippe le Bon (July 31, 1396 – June 15, 1467)
1519 Amsterdam comes under direct rule from Spain
1543 The union of the Netherlands is created by Charles V, a descendant of Philip of Burgundy, with Brussels as the official capital
1568 80-
1578 Amsterdam, now totally isolated, from the rest of the Netherlands signs a peace treaty and peace rains once again.
1580 Portugal is conquered by Spain so the Dutch loose a major trading partner and are forced to travel further afield in their search for trade. Amsterdam gains importance as a major port.
1585 Antwerp noted for the wealth of the city and its citizens and for having the third largest port in Europe is invaded by the Spanish and falls to them.
Meantime Amsterdam experiences it's first economic boom
1600's Amsterdam's "Golden Age" arrives which makes it a leading trade Centrex and culture flourishes;
1602 The Dutch East Indian Company is established which deals in buying and selling of slaves among other things but the Dutch do not use slaves themselves.. .
1609 The planning and construction of Amsterdam’s three central canals begins.
1648 Dutch gets it's independence from Spain
1672 War against France is declared and Netherlands is attacked by England who side with France.
1689 William of Orange succeeds to the English throne as William III following the Glorious Revolution and the the defeat of King James.
1747 Willem IV of Orange assumes the Dutch throne.
1795 Holland is occupied by the French and renamed the Bavarian Republic; Napoleons, brother is made head of the republic
1815 Willem I of Orange is crowned king; Amsterdam remains the capital but the Government moves to The Hague. Amsterdam's no longer the commercial capital it once was.
1839 Belgium gains independence and The Netherlands is established within its modern-
Late 1800's Suez Canal opens; trade with Indonesia intensifies with the first diamonds arriving in Amsterdam.
10 May 1940 Holland is invaded and occupied by the Nazis for the duration of the war. Many Jews are rounded up and sent to concentration camps, Anne Frank's family is one of them.
5 May 1945 Germany is defeated and surrenders, ending World War II and leaving much of Europe in ruins. Rebuilding starts straight away.
1948 Queen Wilhelmina abdicates the Dutch throne and her daughter Juliana is crowned Queen.
1949 The Netherlands grants independence to the Dutch East Indies, which becomes Indonesia
1950's/60's Sees huge economic growth in the Netherlands as well as the rest of Europe.
1958 The Netherlands one of the founding members joins the EEC along with Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and now know as the EU (European Union)
1975 First coffee shops open in Amsterdam an spread to other cities in Netherlands.
1980 Queen Beatrix assumes the throne
1985 Over 700 coffee shops open in Amsterdam. Government decide to think about the legalisation of them.
1992 Nelson Mandela visits Amsterdam
1999 Amsterdam Escape opens for business
2002 January 1st sees the end of the Dutch Guilder and the introduction of the Euro, prices rocket. Within 10 hours of closing and reopening on Jan 1st prices have risen by 50% to 500% (I kid you not) Cup of coffee was 3 Gilders at 2 am on Dec 31th but a few hours later on Jan 1st the same cup of coffee now costs Euro 2 (50% increase) . The 500% increase was in a Thai Restaurant which increased a dish from Gilders 3.50 to Euro 8.50.
(Fried rice No meat,dish a small mountain of food).
2006 Now less than 300 coffee shops left open in Amsterdam and all are closely watched by the police.
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